Small hairpin RNA (shRNA) is a powerful tool for inhibiting gene expression. One limitation has been that this technique has been used primarily to target a single gene. This protocol expands upon ...

A universal vector (IL-60 and auxiliary constructs), expressing or silencing genes in every plant tested to date, is described. Plants that have been successfully manipulated by the IL-60 system ...

Escherichia coli is widely considered the most cost-effective bacterial system for recombinant protein expression. Consequently, it is broadly used. Nonetheless, it has its limitations as an ...

Recombinant protein expression is an essential pillar of biomedical research. Efforts from enzyme discovery to protein structure-function study to development of drugs and biological therapeutics all ...