Daniel Jassy, CFA, is an Investopedia Academy instructor and the founder of SPYderCRusher Research. He contributes to Excel and Algorithmic Trading. David Kindness is a Certified Public Accountant ...

Master calculating cost of equity in Excel using CAPM. Discover step-by-step guidance on market return, risk-free rate, and beta components for effective investment decisions.

ROI is an important measure of an investment's performance but it has some drawbacks. Reviewed by Margaret James Fact checked by Jared Ecker Return on investment (ROI) is a ratio that measures the ...

Every thriving business relies on a robust return on investment (ROI) to help gauge whether its investments are yielding a profit. Although you as an individual investor possess shallower pockets than ...

Required rate of return (RRR) gives investors a benchmark to determine the minimum acceptable return on an investment considering the risk involved. By calculating RRR, investors can assess whether an ...