Stanford Medicine investigators have replicated, in a lab dish, one of the most prominent human nervous pathways for sensing pain. This nerve circuit transmits sensations from the body’s skin to the ...

Neural circuits associated with three cortical regions in cognitive generalization with different manifestations from different species. (A) Emotionrelated brain regions mainly project to PFC and OFC; ...

Stroke and spinal cord injuries can severely impair motor functions, and understanding how to promote recovery is a critical challenge. While damaged neurons in the brain and spinal cord have limited ...

The brain of humans and other animals is known to contribute to the protection of the body from infections. Past studies have ...

When engineers build AI language models like GPT-5 from training data, at least two major processing features emerge: memorization (reciting exact text they’ve seen before, like famous quotes or ...