Where can I find the random parameter matrix in MLwiN? How do I use this to work out the residual ('unexplained') variance at each level? Variances and covariances are stored in column c1096. (See ...

This article was originally published on Built In by Eric Kleppen. Variance is a powerful statistic used in data analysis and machine learning. It is one of the four main measures of variability along ...

One of the key assumptions of regression is that the variance of the errors is constant across observations. Correcting for heteroscedasticity improves the efficiency of the estimates. If you had a ...