In critical care, meticulous monitoring of oxygen saturation and haemodynamic parameters is vital to guiding therapeutic interventions and improving patient outcomes. Traditional metrics, such as ...

Every time your heart beats, it pumps blood through a complex network of blood vessels. These blood vessels, which control blood flow, include arteries, veins, and capillaries. If any of these blood ...

Arterial and venous ulcers are two kinds of open sores found on the body. They can form on the lower extremities, such as the legs and feet. Arterial ulcers develop as a result of damage to the ...

There are three main types of bleeding: capillary, venous, and arterial bleeding. The main difference between the three is the type of blood vessels where hemorrhaging occurs, which can impact ...

Arterial ulcers and venous ulcers are chronic wounds with different causes and appearances. Arterial ulcers occur due to arterial disease. Venous ulcers develop as a consequence of chronic venous ...